On creating enemies

'Once we have already started create the enemy, it's almost too late'

Joy Kogawa was a small child when her family was uprooted from their Vancouver home and sent inland. Their lives were upended — they were vilified, dehumanized, and their property seized — in a fit of racist panic because of the actions of a government they were associated with by race.

She was one of more than 22,000 Japanese-Canadians interned during …